Division of Himalaya on basis of River

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Indian Geography (Part-8)

Division of Himalaya on basis of Rivers

• A geologist named Sidney Burrard divided the Himalayas based on rivers.
• The division of the Himalayas by Sydney Burrard based on rivers is as follows -

1. Punjab / Kashmir Himalaya - Between Indus River and Sutlej River
2. Kumaon Himalaya - Between Sutlej River and Kali River
3. Nepal Himalaya - Between Kali River and Teesta River
4. Assam Himalaya - Between Teesta River and Dihang River

• Brahmaputra in Arunachal Pradesh called Dihang.
• Kali River is a tributary of Ghaghra River.
• There is a famous temple of Vaishnodevi in Kashmir Himalaya. Apart from this, the Amarnath cave and the pilgrimage of Muslims Charar-e-Sharif is also an important pilgrimage under the Kashmir Himalayas.
• Kumaon Himalaya is mainly located in the state of Uttarakhand.
• Important peaks of the Himalayas in Kumaon Himalayas are Nandadevi, Comet, Trishul, Badrinath, Kedarnath and Bandarpunch.

• In Uttarakhand, the Valley of Flowers comes under the Kumaon Himalayas, along with this the Doon and Door (dwar) Valley also comes under the Kumaon Himalayas.
• All the high peaks of the Himalayas fall under the Nepal Himalayas. The order from west to the east side is - Dhaulagiri, Annapurna, Everest, Makalu and   Kanchenjunga.
• Tiger Hillis located in the state of West Bengal.
• There are four major hills in Arunachal Pradesh. They are named after the names of local tribes. These hills are- Dafla, Giri, Ahor and Mishmi.
• These hills (Dafla, Giri, Ahor and Mishmi) are the part of the Shivalik Himalayas in Arunachal Pradesh.
• The hills situated on the border of India and Myanmar, which fall under the Himalayas, are as follows:

1. Arunachal Pradesh - Patkoi Bum
2. Nagaland - Naga Hills
3. Manipur - Lamatol Hills
4. Mizoram - Mizo Hills

• Brail hill is located in the west of Lamatol hills, which is located in the State of Assam.
• Shillong, the capital of Meghalaya and another city Cherrapunji is situated on the Khasi hill.
• The land of the entire Meghalaya is raised upwards, this elevated area is called the Meghalaya Plateau.
• In the state of Meghalaya, the hills of Garo, Khasi and Jaintia are situated in the direction of West to East. These hills are named based on the names of local tribes.
• The combined form of Garo, Khasi and Jaintian hills is called the Shillong plateau.
• The Shillong plateau is not the part of the Himalayas, as its rocks are different from the Himalayan rocks.
• The rocks of the Shillong plateau are similar to the rocks of peninsular India, the northeastern part of the peninsular plateau is called the Chotanagpur plateau.
• In the east of Chhotanagpur plateau, there is the extension of a hill, called the Rajmahal hill. The Rajmahal Hills are spread in West Bengal.
• The Rajmahal hill stretched as far as Meghalaya in ancient times, but the combined flow of the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers cut off the northeastern part of the peninsular plateau in Bangladesh and filled the middle part of the soil, forming the plains in Bangladesh.
• Bangladesh is called a country of rivers.
• Pakistan is called a country of canals.
• The land cut by the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers is known on the names of Rajmahal hill and Garo hill, it is known as Rajmahal-Garo Gap.
• Rajmahal-Garo Gap is also known as Malda Gap.
• In the northeast of the Shillong plateau, two small hills are found under the state of Assam - Rengma hill and Mikir hill.
• The Rengma and Mikir hills are not the Himalayan Mountains, these hills are also a part of the Shillong plateau, so the Rengma and Mikir hills are part of the peninsular Indian plateau.